The new FinReg legislation (or the Dodd–Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act) places new responsibilities on non-financial commercial users of swaps.  All swaps have to be margined except those that have an "end user exemption".  If the hedging company is publicly traded, there has to be an official committee that reviews swap transactions. Even non-public companies will have to show what they are hedging and why they are hedging.

The dealer bank may have to keep such documentation on file if they aren't charging variation margin. The dealer bank and corporate hedger will both have to notify the CFTC regarding the collateral used to secure the swap.  The law is vague, and the banks/dealers are lobbying the CFTC to get the regulations written in their favor.

One fear discussed by dealers is that CFTC might accuse a bank of "price gouging" if they see that they routinely mark up captive swaps excessively and ''improper risk taking' if the spread on the swaps is too low.  There is the fear that the bank might have to show that variation margin on the swap is covered by the collateral (albeit illiquid). That's why banks might just prefer to charge variation margin on even their captive customers and try to figure out some way to fund it.

Again, this is all now in the discussion stage and some are considered worst case outcomes.  In fact, JPMorgan just has recently announced the closing of their proprietary trading desk in order to meet the requirements of the FinReg's new Volcker Rule.
Frank Robinson
9/30/2010 05:04:54 am

Mr. Sabo,

What does the new financial regulation mean for smaller interest rate hedgers like myself? Will I be forced to use the futures market?

Thanks,

Frank Robinson

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9/30/2010 07:07:49 am

Frank, you describe yourself as a "smaller" interest rate hedger. Before I can fully answer this question, let me ask, what is the structure of your usual interest rate swap hedges (i.e., notional amount(s), term/maturities, amortization [yes/no], floating rate index [LIBOR/Prime])?

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Frank Robinson
10/1/2010 08:15:32 am

Thanks for the response.
In the past I have typically done interest rate swaps on my real estate loans. I have done five of them and currently have two. The swaps match up with the loans with maturity and amortizations. The loans are $5 and $7.7 million with 20 year amortizations but are due in the next one and three years. Both are against Libor, but I have done one against PRIME too.

Is this all the info you need?
FR

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10/4/2010 04:13:51 am

Yes, this is enough info to provide me an idea of the kind of interest rate hedger you are.

Right now, the rules are being debated and decided. However, it is fair to speculate that your type of hedges will still be available from your commercial banks and you will not have to use the futures market for your interest rate hedging needs.

This should be good news for you, especially given that you do amortizing and smaller notional sized swaps. These types of swaps are more customized and would be a chore for you to structure and manage on the futures exchange, although it could be done.

Some of the lesser known effects of the new FinReg for you would be the reporting of your hedge, which may be publicly recorded and reported in some form; and the pricing on your hedges, which many believe will fall as transparency enters the market in a way that have never been seen in the over-the-counter (OTC) interest rate swap market.

I hope I addressed your two original questions, please reply if there is more you would like to know or discuss.

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